Electrical gas treatment



y 1936- c. w. J. HEDBERG ET AL 2,040,378

ELECTRICAL GAS TREATMENT Filed May 8, 1934 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 5 m Q 4. w 5 5 gm J a a f w/r' 3 1 3 0 4 7 a a w .m w 2 i3;

1936- C. w. J. HEDBERG ET AL 2,040,378

ELECTRICAL GAS TREATMENT Filed Ma 8, 1954 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 CM 4(/ J fima ham flmam az q Patented May 12, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT orries ELECTRICAL GAS TREATDIENT Carl W. J. Hedberg and Robert B. Hesson, Bound Brook, N. J., assignors to Research Corporagironlg New York, N. Y., a corporation of New v Application May 8, 1934, Serial No. 724,557

11 Claims. (01. 183-4) This invention relates to the art of electrically post insulators H which support the beam and intreating gaseous fluids and has to do with apsulate it from the grounded portions of the preparatus comprising complementary electrodes cipitator. Compartment l2 covers the insulators that are to be maintained at a difierence of poand protects them from atmospheric conditions. tential therebetween for the purpose of subject- Frame 6 is made up of a saddle-like member mg fluids Pa g through the pparatus to elecl3 to which are fastened vertical members l4 and trical es and/or discharg s. For e a p to the latter are fastened horizontal members l5. the invention can be embodied in an electrical The discharge electrode frame proper, marked precipitatol for removing S pe d particles 60, comprises a vertical strap or bar Hi from from a Stream Of as flow therethroughwhich project two horizontal members IT. The

A Principal object of the invention is to prodischarge electrodes l8 are wires, or they can be Vide for the mellnting of Collecting d p small twisted rods. They pass through members m tary d s har e el tr d s W n a tr atin l1 and are held by these members in the vertical ha r in such mann r t a aximum f t e position shown. Two small electrode frames 60 5 space therein is utilized in treating fluids while are h one above th other, removably fas-' they are being passed through the chamber. tened to and supported by main frame 6; but a Another object is to provide fluid treating ap greater number may be supported in this way or paratus of such construction that distribution o only one may be used depending upon the height the fluid can be definitely controlled by means of the precipitator the tifi'ness f rods m and 9 within the apparatus itself, thus affording efliother factors cientand unlform treatment- Each collecting electrode 4 is made up of a Still another object of the invention 15 to relatively flat member 20 with one vertical edge for the dlvlslon of the electrodes into strongly reinforced as indicated at 2|. A hook groups that can be economically supported in in- 5 member 22 is welded or otherwise fastened to edge sulated. rdamqmmp and Separately energized and 2| and with this hook the electrode is supported gggj ggzgg fifi g igggggfgh the fol from horizontal member 23 in non-rigid manner,

. a hole in member 23 being provided for hook 22.

is descriptmn and appended drawmgs m Diagonally across the electrode from this hook Fig 1 is a side 81 evation partly in section taken 18 a member 24 that is welded to the electrode and non-rigidly bolted to cam riding member 25. z ffig i z gif i g fi fi electncal precipwa'tor Member 25 rides on the face of cam 26 as does a milar member 25 which is attached to the col- F1 2 l e artl in sect: n taken S1 along mi fit- 13 11 t hssam e precipitgtor' and 16.0mm electrode 4 directly opposite Cam Figs 3 and4 are fragmentary views showing a simflar cams for each palr of collectmg 4 electrodes or for each group of collecting elec-. 235:; of the preclpltator Illustrated 1 trodes which may be shaken together, is mounted haft 21 which is turned slowly by means not In Figs. 1 and 2, numeral l identifies the shell on S of a precipitator having a gas inlet 2 and gas shown. It will be noted that rider 25 is shown outlet 3. The precipitator is made .up of two onthe high portion of cam 26 and that the elec' Similar Sections A and B, through which the gas trode 4 has-been pulled away from anvil member passes in series. Each section comprises two sep- 28 agamst wtllch it would 9 1 3 t arately spaced and separately supported sets of further Totatlon of a 25, ld f F drop Ofi collecting electrodes 4 4" and complementary of cam 26 and the electrode w ll strike against discharge electrodes 5, 5', respectively. All the anvil This operation shakes o l in discharge electrodes in a section are supported electrode and removes the m t ri hefi been from a common supporting frame 6 which in deposited p Electrodes 4 a os y e turn depends from a horizontal beam 8 by memthat the Vibration Set p by the pp D- hers I, in this instance rods, say of steel. Rods eretion is ot greatly dampened- Means to guide I extend through holes 9 in the roof of the prethe electrodes are advisable, however, and in 50 cipitator, through insulating bushings) which Figs. 3 and 4 such means for guiding the free cover the holes and prevent gas from escaping top comers 30 of the electrodes is shown. through theseopenings and are fastened to the In Figs. 3 and 4, pipe (or bar) member 33 is Y.

I ends of beam 8. Beam 8, made up of structural held against structural member 32'by tap bolts steel members or the like, lies across the top of 34 and threaded pins 35 are screwed into member 33 in pairs as shown, each pair serving to guide a collecting member 4' (or 4).

Cover members 36 are provided with openings 3'! large enough to permit a collecting electrode mediately over the tops ofthe collecting electrodes. Nor are there any highvoltage members positioned in the treater chamber in front or at the back of the collecting electrodes holding discharge elements or frames supporting such elements which must pass between the collecting electrodes in these locations. The reinforcing members 2| can therefore be constructed to suit conditions of gas flow and meet structural demands independent of the limitations imposed by the presence of high potential members. The insulators and housings for the same are on top of the precipitator where they are, in general, out of the way of adjacent structures.

Assuming a precipitator two sections long as shown in the figures, practically the total length of the precipitator from wall 39 to wall 40 can be given over to collecting electrodes with adjacent complementary discharge electrodes, except for the two high potential frames 6, one in section A and one in section B. These frames 6 can be quite narrow, even more so than is indicated in the figures, leaving most of the space for precipitating electric fields.

The collecting electrodes are narrow, that is, short in the direction of the gas flow; consequently they are easy to'handle during installation, are

readily removed for examination, and can be supported by simple non-rigid means and be effectively shaken for removal of deposited material. Reinforcing means-2| can be made of any desired width and the spaces between means 2| through which the gasflows will 'vary in width in indirect proportion to the width of means 2|. 'Advantage is taken of this flexibility in construction in obtaining proper distribution of the gas passing through the several treating zones of the precipitator.

The discharge electrode elements are mounted in such manner that they do not pass edges or through constricted openings, making -unneces-' sary the use of shrouds or insulators to suppress discharges at such locations. They are supported on easily dismountable frames 60 and can be removed in small groups for inspection, straightening or replacement whilethe apparatus is shut down for short periods. This construction provides for great flexibility and discharge elements of diiferent characteristics can be placed in different precipitators of this construction without the necessity of making changes in the electrode supporting structure. It also makes it possible to quickly make changes in discharge electrodes if it is found, during the operation of the apparatus, that members of different characteristics should be placed in different locations to suit the changing electrical properties of the gas as suspended particles are removed from the gas as it passes through the apparatus.

Gas distribution means can be held by the discharge electrode supporting frame 6 if conditions indicate the need for such devices. Where the discharge frame is used for supporting distribution means and the like it is usually necessary to provide the two rods 1 shown, at least. But in small precipitators where additional distributing means are not so placed and no appreciable gas volume blows against the discharge frame, a single rod 1 only is required.

Electrically the discharge electrodes in section A are independent from those in section B, and, where it is desirable to do so, they can be separately energized. As shown in Fig. 2, section A is energized by means of conductor 44 passing through inlet bushing 45 to insulated beam 3, while section B is energized through conductor 46 which passes into the insulator box of section A through wall bushing 41.

For many problems advantages are found in providing collecting electrodes made up of parallel rods spaced a short distance apart, as described in U. S. Patent No. 1,444,997. There is no material difference in the advantages of the present invention whether the collecting electrodes are perforated or not, but it has been considered more understandable in the present instance to illustrate'the invention with imperforate plates 4, 4'. The rapping means for the collecting electrodes can be variously constructed and operated as is known to those versed in the art. For instance, instead of a single centrally positioned shaft rotating the lifting cams, two parallel shafts may be provided, one placed directly under the outer alternating relation with said first named electrode members solely by supporting means posi-f tioned' in the space between said banks of electrode members. 7 f

2. In apparatiis for the el'eEtrical treatment of gases, a chamber, a plurality of vertically disposed parallel collecting electrode members horizontally arranged in parallel banks in said chamber and I discharge electrodeelements supported in alternating relation with-said collecting electrode members, solely by supporting means positioned 1 in the space between said banks-oi collecting electrode members.

3 In apparatus for the electrical treatment of gases, a chamber, a plurality of vertically disposed parallel collecting electrode members horizontally arranged in two parallel banks in said chamber and discharge electrode elements supported in alternating relation with said collecting electrode members solely by supporting means positioned in the space between .said banks of collecting electrode members.

.4. In apparatus for the electrical treatment of gases, a chamber, a plurality of vertically, disposed parallel collecting electrode members horizontally arranged in two parallel banks in said chamber so as to definea space between sai gases, a chamber, a plurality of vertically dis posed parallel collecting electrode members arranged in two parallel banks in said chamber so as to define a space between said banks, means supporting said collecting electrode members substantially wholly from the edges thereof opposite from said space, a. frame positioned in said space, and discharge electrode elements supported by said frame in alternating relation with said collecting electrode members.

6. In apparatus for the electrical treatment 0 gases, a chamber, a plurality of vertically disposed parallel collecting electrode member's horizontally arranged in two parallel banks in. said chamber so as to define a space between said banks, a frame supported in said space by members depending from the roof of said chamber, and discharge electrode elements supported solely by said frame in alternating relation with said collecting electrode members.

7. Apparatus for the precipitation of suspended material from gases comprising means defining 'a chamber with gas inlet and gas outlet, a roof on the chamber forming an upper boundary for the gases being treated, collecting electrodes supported vertically in said chamber parallel to the gas flow and having their upper ends adjacent said roof, said collecting electrodes being in two spaced groups through which the gases pass in series, depending means supporting a frame from an insulated structure above said roof, said frame being positioned between the groups of collecting electrodes, members projecting outwardly from said frame, and discharge electrode elements supported between said collecting electrodes by said members. 1

8. In an electrical precipitator comprising a chamber, electrode members within the chamber and extending to adjacent all the walls of said chamber except within a space extending transversely across said chamber intermediate two opposite sides thereof, and a frame in said space entirely supporting complementary electrodes between the first named electrode members.

9. In an electrical precipitator comprising a chamber, collecting electrodes within the chamber and extending to adjacent all the walls of said chamber except within a space extending transversely across said chamber intermediate two opposite sides thereof, and a frame in said space entirely supporting complementary electrodes between the collecting electrodes.

10. In apparatus for the electrical treatment of gases, a chamber, a plurality of vertically disposed parallel collecting electrode members arranged in two parallel banks in said chamber so as to define a space between said banks, a frame supported in said space by members depending from the roof of said chamber, discharge electrode elements supported by said frame in alternating relation with said collecting electrode members, and rapping means for said collecting electrode members positioned in said space below said frame.

11. In an electrical precipitator, a discharge electrode system comprising a vertical supporting frame, discharge electrode supporting members extending outwardly from opposite sides of said frame and a plurality of discharge elements supported in aligned position by said members.

CARL W. J. HEDBERG. ROBERT B. HESSON. 

